From: <Saved by Windows Internet Explorer 7>
Subject: Actions of Alcohol on the Brain
Date: Sat, 23 Feb 2008 11:43:47 -0500
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function LoadSld( slideId )
{
	if( !g_supportsPPTHTML ) return
	if( slideId )
		parent.SldUpdated(slideId)
	g_origSz=3DparseInt(SlideObj.style.fontSize)
	g_origH=3DSlideObj.style.posHeight
	g_origW=3DSlideObj.style.posWidth
	g_scaleHyperlinks=3D(document.all.tags("AREA").length>0)
	if( g_scaleHyperlinks )
		InitHLinkArray()
	if( g_scaleInFrame||(IsWin("PPTSld") && parent.IsFullScrMode() ) )
		document.body.scroll=3D"no"
	_RSW()
	if( IsWin("PPTSld") && parent.IsFullScrMode() )	{
		document.oncontextmenu=3Dparent._CM;
		self.focus()
	}
}
function MakeSldVis( fTrans )=20
{
	fTrans=3DfTrans && g_showAnimation
	if( fTrans )
	{
		if( g_bgSound ) {
			idx=3Dg_bgSound.indexOf(",");
			pptSound.src=3Dg_bgSound.substr( 0, idx );
			pptSound.loop=3D -(parseInt(g_bgSound.substr(idx+1)));
		}
		SlideObj.filters.revealtrans.Apply()
	}
	SlideObj.style.visibility=3D"visible"
	if( fTrans )
		SlideObj.filters.revealtrans.Play()
}
function MakeNotesVis()=20
{
	if( !IsNts() ) return false=20
	SlideObj.style.display=3D"none"
	nObj =3D document.all.item("NotesObj")
	parent.SetHasNts(0)
	if( nObj ) {=20
		nObj.style.display=3D""
		parent.SetHasNts(1)
	}
	return 1
}
function Redirect( frmId,sId )
{
	var str=3Ddocument.location.hash,idx=3Dstr.indexOf('#')
	if(idx>=3D0) str=3Dstr.substr(1);
	if( window.name !=3D frmId && ( sId !=3D str) ) {
		obj =3D document.all.item("Main-File")
		window.location.href=3Dobj.href+"#"+sId
		return 1
	}
	return 0
}
function HideMenu() { if( frames["PPTSld"] && =
PPTSld.document.all.item("ctxtmenu") && =
PPTSld.ctxtmenu.style.display!=3D"none" ) { =
PPTSld.ctxtmenu.style.display=3D'none'; return true } return false }
function IsWin( name ) { return window.name =3D=3D name }
function IsNts() { return IsWin("PPTNts") }
function IsSldOrNts() { return( IsWin("PPTSld")||IsWin("PPTNts") ) }
function SupportsPPTAnimation() { return( navigator.platform =3D=3D =
"Win32" && navigator.appVersion.indexOf("Windows")>0 ) }
function SupportsPPTHTML()
{
	var appVer=3Dnavigator.appVersion, msie=3DappVer.indexOf("MSIE "), =
ver=3D0
	if( msie >=3D 0 )
		ver=3DparseFloat( appVer.substring( msie+5, appVer.indexOf(";",msie) ) =
)
	else
		ver=3DparseInt(appVer)

	return( ver >=3D 4 && msie >=3D 0 )
}
var MHTMLPrefix =3D CalculateMHTMLPrefix();=20
function CalculateMHTMLPrefix()
{
	if ( document.location.protocol =3D=3D 'mhtml:') {=20
		href=3Dnew String(document.location.href)=20
		Start=3Dhref.indexOf('!')+1=20
		End=3Dhref.lastIndexOf('/')+1=20
		if (End < Start)=20
			return href.substring(0, Start)=20
		else=20
		return href.substring(0, End)=20
	}
	return '';
}

function _RSW()
{
	if( !g_supportsPPTHTML || IsNts() ||
	  ( !g_scaleInFrame && (( window.name !=3D "PPTSld" ) || =
!parent.IsFullScrMode()) ) )
		return

	cltWidth=3Ddocument.body.clientWidth
	cltHeight=3Ddocument.body.clientHeight
	factor=3D(1.0*cltWidth)/g_origW
	if( cltHeight < g_origH*factor )
		factor=3D(1.0*cltHeight)/g_origH

	newSize =3D g_origSz * factor
	if( newSize < 1 ) newSize=3D1

	s=3DSlideObj.style
	s.fontSize=3DnewSize+"px"
	s.posWidth=3Dg_origW*factor
	s.posHeight=3Dg_origH*factor
	s.posLeft=3D(cltWidth-s.posWidth)/2
	s.posTop=3D(cltHeight-s.posHeight)/2

	if( g_scaleHyperlinks )
		ScaleHyperlinks( factor )
}

function _KPH()
{=20
  if( IsNts() ) return;

  if( !parent.IsFramesMode() && event.keyCode =3D=3D 27 && =
!parent.HideMenu() )
    parent.window.close( self );
  else if( event.keyCode =3D=3D 32 )
  {
    if( window.name =3D=3D "PPTSld" )
      parent.PPTSld.DocumentOnClick();
    else
      parent.GoToNextSld();
  }
}

function PlaySound( href, loop ){
	href=3D unescape(href);
	if( window.event ) window.event.cancelBubble =3D true;
	pptSound.src =3D href;
	pptSound.loop =3D loop ? -1 : 0;
}
var AE_NONE =3D 0, AE_DIM =3D 1, AE_HIDE =3D 2, AE_HIDEIMDTLY =3D 3, =
LONG_INTERVAL =3D 10, SHORT_INTERVAL =3D 5, g_curAnim =3D null, g_vml =
=3D 0;
function ParseAnimations(){
	nr =3D document.all.tags("DIV").length;
	while(nr > 0) {
		rObj =3D document.all.tags("DIV").item(--nr);
		if(rObj.style.cssText !=3D null) {
			build =3D rObj.style.cssText.indexOf("mso-build");
			if(build >=3D 0)
				AddAnimation(rObj);
		}
	}
	if(g_autoTrans){
		totT=3D0, autoAnims=3D0;
		rAnims=3Dg_animManager.m_anims;
		nBuilds=3Dg_animManager.m_numBuilds;
		for(x=3DnBuilds;x>0;x--)
		if(-1 !=3D rAnims[x].m_secs){
			totT+=3DrAnims[x].m_secs;
			autoAnims++;
		}
		time=3Dg_transSecs-totT;
		if(time<0) time=3D0;
		time=3Dtime/(nBuilds-autoAnims+1);
		for(x=3DnBuilds;x>0;x--)
			if(-1 =3D=3D rAnims[x].m_secs)
				rAnims[x].m_secs=3Dtime;
	}
}
function AddAnimation(rObj){
	a =3Dnew Animation();
	a.m_obj =3DrObj;
	a.m_oldc =3DrObj.color;
	GetVal=3DrObj.style.getAttribute;
	var t;
	if( t=3DGetVal("mso-build") ) a.m_build=3Dt-0;
	if( t=3DGetVal("mso-build-after-action") ) a.m_aAct=3Dt-0;
	if( t=3DGetVal("mso-build-after-color") ) a.m_oldc=3Dt;
	if( t=3DGetVal("mso-build-auto-secs") ) a.m_secs=3Dt-0;
	if( t=3DGetVal("mso-build-avi") ) a.m_video=3Dt;
	if( t=3DGetVal("mso-build-dual-id") ) a.m_dId=3Dt;
	if( t=3DGetVal("mso-build-order") ) a.m_order=3Dt-0;
	if( t=3DGetVal("mso-build-sound-name") ) a.m_sound=3Dt;

	g_animManager.AddAnimation(a);
}
function ShowVGXObj(rObj){
	vmlId=3Dnull,ImgTag=3Dnull;
	curObj=3DrObj;
	sObj =3Ddocument.all.item("SlideObj");
	while(null =3D=3D ImgTag && null !=3D curObj && sObj !=3D curObj){
		ImgTag =3DcurObj.children.tags("IMG").item(0);
		curObj =3D(curObj.parentElement.tagName =3D=3D "DIV") ? =
curObj.parentElement : null
	}
	if(null !=3DImgTag)
		vmlId =3DImgTag.getAttribute("v:shapes");
	if(null !=3DvmlId) {
		idx =3DvmlId.indexOf(",");
		if(idx > 0) vmlId =3DvmlId.substr(0, idx);
		vgxObj =3Ddocument.all.item(vmlId);
		if((null !=3D vgxObj) && (null !=3D vgxObj.parentElement) && =
(vgxObj.parentElement.style.display !=3D "none")){
			vgxObj.parentElement.style.visibility =3D "visible";
			ImgTag.style.visibility =3D "hidden";
		}
		else
			rObj.style.visibility =3D "visible";
	}
}
function AnimationManager(){
	t=3Dthis;
	t.m_anims=3Dnew Array();
	t.m_numBuilds=3D0;
	t.m_activeObj=3Dnull;
	t.m_curBuild=3D1;
	t.m_timer=3D-1;
	t.m_objToHide=3Dnull;
	t.m_objToDim=3Dnull;
	t.m_colorToDim=3D-1;
	t.m_isPlaying=3D0;
	t.m_autoTimer=3D-1;
	t.Peek=3DAM_Peek;
	t.Next=3DAM_Next;
	t.Previous=3DAM_Previous;
	t.AddAnimation=3DAM_AddAnimation;
	t.ShowShapes=3DAM_ShowShapes;
	t.Swap=3DAM_Swap;
}
function AM_ShowShapes(){
	for(x=3Dthis.m_numBuilds; x>0; x--){
		if(g_vml)
			ShowVGXObj(this.m_anims[x].m_obj);
		aObj =3Dthis.m_anims[x].m_obj;
		if(aObj)
			aObj.style.visibility =3D "visible";
	}
	this.m_numBuilds =3D0;
}
function AM_Swap(cur){
	rList =3Dthis.m_anims;
	t =3DrList[cur+1];
	rList[cur+1] =3DrList[cur];
	rList[cur] =3Dt;
}
function AM_AddAnimation(a){
	this.m_anims[++this.m_numBuilds] =3D a;
	this.m_curBuild =3Dthis.m_numBuilds;
	cur =3Dthis.m_numBuilds;
	if(a.m_order > 0){
		while(cur-- > 1 && Math.abs(this.m_anims[cur+1].m_order) > =
Math.abs(this.m_anims[cur].m_order))
			this.Swap(cur);
	}
	else {
		while(cur-- > 1 && Math.abs(this.m_anims[cur+1].m_order) >=3D =
Math.abs(this.m_anims[cur].m_order))
			this.Swap(cur);
	}
}
function AM_Peek(){
	if(g_animManager.m_curBuild > 0 && 0 < g_animManager.m_numBuilds) {
		secs =3Dg_animManager.m_anims[g_animManager.m_curBuild].m_secs;
		if(secs !=3D -1)
			g_animManager.m_autoTimer =3D window.setTimeout("_DocAction()", =
secs);
	}
	else if(1 =3D=3D g_autoTrans && IsWin("PPTSld") && =
!parent.IsFramesMode()){
		setTimeout("parent.GoToNextSld()", g_transSecs);
	}
}
function AM_Next(){
	if(0 =3D=3D this.m_numBuilds || (g_curAnim !=3D null)) return 0;=20
	success=3D0;
	if(this.m_autoTimer !=3D -1)
		window.clearTimeout(this.m_autoTimer);
	if(this.m_objToHide !=3D null)
		this.m_objToHide.style.visibility =3D "hidden";
	if(this.m_objToDim !=3D null) {
		nr =3D document.all.length;
		while(nr-- > 0) {
			rObj =3Ddocument.all.item(nr);
			if(this.m_objToDim.contains(rObj))
				rObj.style.color =3D this.m_colorToDim;
		}
	}
	if(this.m_curBuild > 0) {
		this.m_activeObj =3Dthis.m_anims[this.m_curBuild--];
		this.m_activeObj.Start();
		success =3D1;
	}
	return success;
}
function AM_Previous(){
	if((null =3D=3D g_curAnim) && (this.m_curBuild <=3D this.m_numBuilds)) =
{
		this.m_curBuild++;
		var animObj =3D this.m_anims[this.m_curBuild];
		if(this.m_curBuild >=3D 1)
			animObj.m_obj.style.visibility =3D "hidden";
	}
}
function InitBuildEffects(){
	g_animManager =3Dnew AnimationManager();
	ParseAnimations();
	isFullScreen =3D(window.name =3D=3D "PPTSld") && =
!parent.IsFramesMode();
	if(!g_showAnimation || (isFullScreen && parent.IsSldVisited()))
		g_animManager.ShowShapes();
	else if(!g_hasTrans)
		g_animManager.Peek();
	if(isFullScreen && !g_isKiosk)
		parent.SetSldVisited();
}
function Animation(){
	t=3Dthis;
	t.m_obj=3D0;
	t.m_build=3D0;
	t.m_dId=3D"";
	t.m_aAct=3D0;
	t.m_secs=3D-1;
	t.m_order=3D0;
	t.m_sound=3D"";
	t.m_oldc=3D0;
	t.m_video=3D"";
	t.m_animObj=3D0;=20
	t.m_timer=3D-1;
	t.m_steps=3D0;
	t.m_finalL=3D0;
	t.m_finalT=3D0;
	t.m_finalW=3D0;
	t.m_finalH=3D0;
	t.Start=3DA_Start;
	t.End=3DA_End;
	t.Animate=3DA_Animate;
	t.SetupMove=3DA_SetupMove;
	t.DoMove=3DA_DoMove;
	t.DoSpiral=3DA_DoSpiral;
	t.DoSwivel=3DA_DoSwivel;
	t.DoInplace=3DA_DoInplace;
}
function TickHandler(){
	if(null !=3D g_curAnim) g_curAnim.Animate();
}
function GetAnimClass(dir){
	if(dir > 99) return 7;=20
	else if(dir > 28) return 5;=20
	else if(dir =3D=3D 27) return 4;=20
	else if(dir =3D=3D 28) return 3;=20
	else if((dir >=3D 12) && (dir < 16))return 2;=20
	else return 1;=20
}
function GetSteps(dir){
	animClass =3DGetAnimClass(dir);
	if(animClass =3D=3D 5 || animClass =3D=3D 7) return 1;=20
	res=3D12;
	if(animClass >=3D 2 && animClass <=3D 4) res =3D 50;
	if(SlideObj.style.backgroundImage !=3D "") res /=3D 2;
	return res;
}
function A_Start(){
	g_curAnim =3D this;
	this.SetupMove();
	if(this.m_sound)
		PlaySound(this.m_sound, false);
	animClass =3DGetAnimClass(this.m_build);
	if(5 =3D=3D animClass)
		this.DoInplace();
	else {
		this.m_animObj.style.visibility =3D "visible";
		time =3D 0;
		if(7 =3D=3D animClass) { // Appear and flash
			switch(this.m_build) {
				case 100: time =3D 300; break;
				case 101:
				case 200: time =3D 500; break;
				case 102: time =3D 1000; break;
			}
			if(this.m_build < 200)
				this.m_aAct =3D AE_HIDEIMDTLY;
		}
		else
			time =3D(animClass % 2 =3D=3D 0) ? LONG_INTERVAL : SHORT_INTERVAL;
		this.m_timer =3Dwindow.setInterval("TickHandler()", time);
	}
}
function A_End(){
	window.clearInterval(this.m_timer);
	if(this.m_video !=3D "")
		PlayMedia(this.m_video);
	rStyle =3D this.m_obj.style;
	if(this.m_dId =3D=3D ""){
		rStyle.pixelLeft =3Dthis.m_finalL;
		rStyle.pixelTop =3Dthis.m_finalT;
		rStyle.pixelWidth	=3Dthis.m_finalW;
		rStyle.pixelHeight =3Dthis.m_finalH;
	}
	else {
		if(this.m_aAct !=3D AE_HIDEIMDTLY)
			rStyle.visibility =3D "visible";
		this.m_animObj.style.visibility =3D "hidden";
	}
	switch(this.m_aAct){
		case AE_NONE:=20
			if(g_vml)
				ShowVGXObj(this.m_obj);
			break;
		case AE_DIM:
			if(g_vml)
				ShowVGXObj(this.m_obj);
			g_animManager.m_objToDim	=3Dthis.m_obj;
			g_animManager.m_colorToDim	=3Dthis.m_oldc;
			break;
		case AE_HIDE:
			g_animManager.m_objToHide	=3Dthis.m_obj;
			break;
		case AE_HIDEIMDTLY:
			rStyle.visibility =3D"hidden";
			break;
	}
	if(this.m_dId !=3D "")
		this.m_animObj.style.visibility =3D"hidden";
	if(!g_animManager.m_isPlaying){
		g_curAnim =3D null;
		this.m_obj =3D null;
		g_animManager.Peek();
	}
}
function A_Animate(){
	switch(GetAnimClass(this.m_build)) {
		case 1:
		case 2: this.DoMove();	break;
		case 3: this.DoSpiral();	break;
		case 4: this.DoSwivel();	break;
	}
	if(--this.m_steps =3D=3D 0)=20
		this.End();
}
function A_SetupMove(){
	dir =3Dthis.m_build;
	this.m_steps =3DGetSteps(dir);
	rObj =3Dthis.m_dId !=3D "" ? document.all.item(this.m_dId) : =
this.m_obj;
	this.m_animObj =3DrObj;
	offsetL=3D0;
	offsetT=3D0;
	parentObj=3DrObj.parentElement;
	while(parentObj.tagName !=3D "BODY" && parentObj.id !=3D "SlideObj"){
		offsetL	+=3DparentObj.offsetLeft;
		offsetT	+=3DparentObj.offsetTop;
		parentObj =3DparentObj.parentElement;=20
	}
	rStyle =3D rObj.style;
	this.m_finalL =3DsLeft =3DrStyle.pixelLeft;
	this.m_finalT =3DsTop =3DrStyle.pixelTop;
	this.m_finalW =3DsWidth =3DrStyle.pixelWidth;
	this.m_finalH =3DsHeight =3DrStyle.pixelHeight;
	clientW=3DSlideObj.style.pixelWidth-offsetL;
	clientH=3DSlideObj.style.pixelHeight-offsetT;
 	if(dir < 100) {
		switch(dir) {
			case 0: case 12: sLeft=3D-(sWidth+offsetL); break;
			case 1: case 13: sTop=3D-(sHeight+offsetT);	break;
			case 2: case 14: sLeft=3DclientW; break;
			case 3: case 15: sTop=3DclientH; break;
			case 4:=20
				sLeft=3D-(sWidth+offsetL);=20
				sTop=3D-(sHeight+offsetT);=20
				break;
			case 5:=20
				sLeft=3DclientW;=20
				sTop=3D-(sHeight+offsetT);=20
				break;
			case 6:=20
				sLeft=3D-(sWidth+offsetL);=20
				sTop=3DclientH;=20
				break;
			case 7:=20
				sLeft=3DclientW;=20
				sTop=3DclientH;=20
				break;
			case 8: sLeft-=3DsWidth; break;
			case 9: sTop+=3DsHeight; break;
			case 10: sLeft+=3DsWidth; break;
			case 11: sTop-=3DsHeight; break;
			case 16:
				sLeft+=3DsWidth/2;
				sTop+=3DsHeight/2;
				sWidth=3D0;
				sHeight=3D0;
				break;
			case 17:
				sLeft+=3DsWidth/6;
				sTop+=3DsHeight/6;
				sWidth=3DsWidth*2/3;
				sHeight=3DsHeight*2/3;
				break;
			case 18:
				sLeft-=3D(3*sWidth)/2;
				sTop-=3D(3*sHeight)/2;
				sWidth=3DsWidth*4;
				sHeight=3DsHeight*4;
				break;
			case 19:
				sLeft-=3DsWidth/6;
				sTop-=3DsHeight/6;
				sWidth=3DsWidth*4/3;
				sHeight=3DsHeight*4/3;
				break;
			case 20:
				sLeft=3DclientW/2;
				sTop=3DclientH/2;
				sWidth=3D0;
				sHeight=3D0;
				break;
			case 21:
				sLeft=3D 0;=20
				sTop=3DclientH;=20
				sWidth=3DclientW;=20
				sHeight=3DclientH;
				break;
			case 22:
				sLeft+=3DsWidth/2;
				sWidth=3D0;
				break;
			case 23: sWidth=3D0; break;
			case 24: sHeight=3D0; break;
			case 25:
				sLeft+=3DsWidth;
				sWidth=3D0;
				break;
			case 26:
				sTop+=3DsHeight;
				sHeight=3D0;
				break;
			case 27:
				sLeft+=3DsWidth/2;
				sWidth=3D0;
				break;
			case 28:
				sLeft=3D0;
				sTop=3DclientH;
				sWidth=3D0;
				sHeight=3D0;
				break;
		}
	}
	if(0 =3D=3D sWidth)=20
		sWidth++;
	rStyle.pixelLeft=3DsLeft;
	rStyle.pixelTop=3DsTop;
	rStyle.pixelWidth=3DsWidth;
	rStyle.pixelHeight=3DsHeight;
}
function A_DoInplace(){
	if(this.m_animObj.filters.revealtrans){
		this.m_animObj.filters.revealtrans.Apply();
		this.m_animObj.style.visibility =3D"visible";
		this.m_animObj.filters.revealtrans.Play();
	}
}
function A_DoMove(){
	rStyle =3D this.m_animObj.style;
	rStyle.pixelLeft +=3D(this.m_finalL - rStyle.pixelLeft)/this.m_steps;
	rStyle.pixelTop +=3D(this.m_finalT - rStyle.pixelTop)/this.m_steps;
	rStyle.pixelWidth +=3D(this.m_finalW - rStyle.pixelWidth)/this.m_steps;
	rStyle.pixelHeight +=3D(this.m_finalH - =
rStyle.pixelHeight)/this.m_steps;
}=20
function A_DoSpiral(){
	ratio =3Dthis.m_steps / GetSteps(this.m_build);
	angle =3D2*ratio*3.14;
	cosa =3DMath.cos(angle);
	sina =3DMath.sin(angle);
	vx =3D(this.m_finalL + this.m_finalW / 2)*ratio;
	vy =3D(this.m_finalT + this.m_finalH / 2 - SlideObj.style.pixelHeight) =
* ratio;
	rStyle =3Dthis.m_animObj.style;
	rStyle.pixelLeft =3Dthis.m_finalL - vx * cosa - vy * sina;
	rStyle.pixelTop =3Dthis.m_finalT + vx * sina - vy * cosa;
	rStyle.pixelWidth =3Dthis.m_finalW * (1 - ratio);
	rStyle.pixelHeight =3Dthis.m_finalH * (1 - ratio);
}
function A_DoSwivel(){
	rStyle =3Dthis.m_animObj.style;
	angle =3Dthis.m_steps / GetSteps(this.m_build) * 5 * 3.14 / 2;
	difX =3DMath.abs(this.m_finalW * Math.cos(angle));
	rStyle.pixelLeft =3Dthis.m_finalL + (this.m_finalW - difX) / 2;
	if(0 =3D=3D difX) difX++;
	rStyle.pixelWidth =3DdifX;
}
function DocumentOnClick()
{
	if( IsNts() || parent.HideMenu() ) return
	_DocAction()
}
function _DocAction()
{
	if( g_animManager && g_animManager.m_isPlaying && g_curAnim )
		StopMedia( g_curAnim.m_video );

	if( ( g_showAnimation && !g_curAnim &&=20
		g_animManager && g_animManager.Next() ) )
		return;

	if( ( g_allowAdvOnClick && (window.name=3D=3D"PPTSld") && =
!parent.IsFramesMode() &&=20
		!g_curAnim ) || (!g_curAnim && event && event.keyCode=3D=3D32) )
		parent.GoToNextSld();
}


var g_supportsPPTHTML =3D SupportsPPTHTML(), g_scaleInFrame =3D true, =
gId=3D"", g_bgSound=3D"",
    g_scaleHyperlinks =3D false, g_allowAdvOnClick =3D true, =
g_showInBrowser =3D false;
var g_showAnimation =3D g_supportsPPTHTML && SupportsPPTAnimation() && ( =
(window.name=3D=3D"PPTSld" && !parent.IsFramesMode()) || g_showInBrowser =
);var g_hasTrans =3D false, g_autoTrans =3D false, g_transSecs =3D 0;
var g_isKiosk =3D 0;var g_animManager =3D null;

var ENDSHOW_MESG=3D"End of slide show, click to exit.", =
SCREEN_MODE=3D"Frames", gIsEndShow=3D0, NUM_VIS_SLDS=3D30, =
SCRIPT_HREF=3D"script.js", FULLSCR_HREF=3D"fullscreen.htm";
var gCurSld =3D gPrevSld =3D 1, g_offset =3D 0, gNtsOpen =3D gHasNts =3D =
gOtlTxtExp =3D gNarrationPaused =3D false, gOtlOpen =3D true
window.gPPTHTML=3DSupportsPPTHTML()

function UpdNtsPane(){ PPTNts.location.replace( MHTMLPrefix+GetHrefObj( =
gCurSld ).mNtsHref ) }
function UpdNavPane( sldIndex ){ if(gNavLoaded) PPTNav.UpdNav() }
function UpdOtNavPane(){ if(gOtlNavLoaded) PPTOtlNav.UpdOtlNav() }
function UpdOtlPane(){ if(gOtlLoaded) PPTOtl.UpdOtl() }
function SetHasNts( fVal )
{
	if( gHasNts !=3D fVal ) {
		gHasNts=3DfVal
		UpdNavPane()
	}
}
function ToggleOtlText()
{
	gOtlTxtExp=3D!gOtlTxtExp
	UpdOtlPane()
}
function ToggleOtlPane()
{
	frmset=3Ddocument.all("PPTHorizAdjust")
	frm=3Ddocument.all("PPTOtl")

	if( gOtlOpen )
		frmset.cols=3D"*,100%"
	else
		frmset.cols=3D"20%,80%"

	gOtlOpen=3D!gOtlOpen
	frm.noResize=3D!frm.noResize
	UpdOtNavPane()
}
function ToggleNtsPane()
{
	frmset=3Ddocument.all("PPTVertAdjust")
	frm=3Ddocument.all("PPTNts")

	if( gNtsOpen )
		frmset.rows=3D"100%,*"
	else
		frmset.rows=3D"80%,20%"

	gNtsOpen=3D!gNtsOpen
	UpdNtsPane()
}
function FullScreen(){ window.open( =
MHTMLPrefix+FULLSCR_HREF,null,"fullscreen=3Dyes" ) }
function ToggleVNarration()
{
	rObj=3DPPTSld.document.all("NSPlay")
	if( rObj ) {
		if( gNarrationPaused )
			rObj.Play()
		else
			rObj.Pause()

		gNarrationPaused=3D!gNarrationPaused
	}
}
function GetCurSldNum()
{  =20
	obj=3DGetHrefObj(gCurSld)
	if( obj.mOrigVis =3D=3D 1 )
		return obj.mSldIdx
	else  =20
		return gCurSld
}
function GetNumSlds()
{  =20
	if( GetHrefObj(gCurSld).mOrigVis =3D=3D 1 )
		return NUM_VIS_SLDS
	else
		return gDocTable.length
}
function GetSldNum( href )
{
	for(ii=3D0; ii<gDocTable.length; ii++) {
		if ( gDocTable[ii].mSldHref =3D=3D href )
			return ii+1
	}
	return 1
}
function GetHrefObj( sldIdx ){ return gDocTable[sldIdx-1] }
function IsFramesMode(){ return ( SCREEN_MODE =3D=3D "Frames" ) }
function IsFullScrMode(){ return ( SCREEN_MODE =3D=3D "FullScreen" ) }
function GoToNextSld()
{  =20
	ii=3DgCurSld + 1
	if( GetHrefObj( ii-1 ).mOrigVis =3D=3D 0 ) {
		if( ii<=3DgDocTable.length ) {
			obj=3DGetHrefObj(ii)
			obj.mVis=3D1
			GoToSld(obj.mSldHref)
			return
		}	=09
	}
	else {
		obj=3DGetHrefObj( ii )
		while ( obj && ( obj.mOrigVis =3D=3D 0 ) )
			obj=3DGetHrefObj(ii++)
		if( obj && obj.mOrigVis ) {
			GoToSld(obj.mSldHref)=09
			return
		}=09
	}
	if( !IsFramesMode() ) EndShow()
}
function GoToPrevSld()
{
	ii=3DgCurSld-1
	if( ii > 0 ) {     =20
		obj=3DGetHrefObj(ii)
		while ( ( obj.mVis =3D=3D 0 ) && ( ii>0 ) )
			obj=3DGetHrefObj(ii--)
		GoToSld(obj.mSldHref)
	}
}
function GoToFirst(){ GoToSld( GetHrefObj(1).mSldHref ) }
function GoToLast()
{
	ii=3DgDocTable.length
	if( ii !=3D gCurSld )
		GoToSld( GetHrefObj(ii).mSldHref )
}
function GoToSld( href )
{
	if( PPTSld.event ) PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue
	GetHrefObj( GetSldNum(href) ).mVis=3D1
	PPTSld.location.href=3DMHTMLPrefix+href
}
function SldUpdated( id )
{
	if( id =3D=3D GetHrefObj(gCurSld).mSldHref ) return
	gPrevSld=3DgCurSld
	gCurSld=3DGetSldNum(id)
	if( IsFramesMode() ) {
		UpdNavPane(); UpdOtlPane(); UpdNtsPane()
	}
}

function PrevSldViewed(){ GoToSld( GetHrefObj(gPrevSld).mSldHref ) }
function HasPrevSld() { return ( gIsEndShow || ( gCurSld !=3D 1 && =
GetHrefObj( gCurSld-1 ).mVis =3D=3D 1 )||( GetCurSldNum() > 1 ) ) }
function HasNextSld() { return (GetCurSldNum() !=3D GetNumSlds()) }
function EndShow()
{
	if( PPTSld.event ) PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue

	doc=3DPPTSld.document
	doc.open()
	doc.writeln('<html><head><script defer>function CloseWindow(){ if( =
parent.HideMenu() ) return; if( !parent.IsFramesMode() && event && =
(event.keyCode=3D=3D27 || event.keyCode=3D=3D32 || =
event.type=3D=3D"click" ) ) parent.window.close( self ); } function =
Unload() { parent.gIsEndShow=3D0; } function SetupEndShow() { =
parent.gIsEndShow=3D1; document.body.scroll=3D"no"; =
document.onkeypress=3DCloseWindow; document.onclick=3DCloseWindow; =
document.oncontextmenu=3Dparent._CM; }</script></head><body =
bgcolor=3Dblack onload=3DSetupEndShow() =
onunload=3DUnload()><center><p><font face=3DTahoma color=3Dwhite =
size=3D2><br><b>' + ENDSHOW_MESG + =
'</b></font></p></center></body></html>')
	doc.close()
}
function SetSldVisited(){ gDocTable[gCurSld-1].mVisited=3Dtrue }
function IsSldVisited(){ return gDocTable[gCurSld-1].mVisited }
function hrefList( sldHref, visible, sldIdx )
{
	this.mSldHref=3D this.mNtsHref =3D sldHref
	this.mSldIdx =3D sldIdx
	this.mOrigVis=3D this.mVis =3D visible
	this.mVisited=3D false
}
var gDocTable =3D new Array(
   new hrefList("slide0001.htm", 1, 1),
   new hrefList("slide0027.htm", 1, 2),
   new hrefList("slide0010.htm", 1, 3),
   new hrefList("slide0023.htm", 1, 4),
   new hrefList("slide0025.htm", 1, 5),
   new hrefList("slide0026.htm", 1, 6),
   new hrefList("slide0022.htm", 1, 7),
   new hrefList("slide0011.htm", 1, 8),
   new hrefList("slide0028.htm", 1, 9),
   new hrefList("slide0029.htm", 1, 10),
   new hrefList("slide0032.htm", 1, 11),
   new hrefList("slide0031.htm", 1, 12),
   new hrefList("slide0030.htm", 1, 13),
   new hrefList("slide0033.htm", 1, 14),
   new hrefList("slide0034.htm", 1, 15),
   new hrefList("slide0035.htm", 1, 16),
   new hrefList("slide0003.htm", 1, 17),
   new hrefList("slide0006.htm", 1, 18),
   new hrefList("slide0004.htm", 1, 19),
   new hrefList("slide0005.htm", 1, 20),
   new hrefList("slide0008.htm", 1, 21),
   new hrefList("slide0043.htm", 1, 22),
   new hrefList("slide0044.htm", 1, 23),
   new hrefList("slide0041.htm", 1, 24),
   new hrefList("slide0036.htm", 1, 25),
   new hrefList("slide0037.htm", 1, 26),
   new hrefList("slide0042.htm", 1, 27),
   new hrefList("slide0038.htm", 1, 28),
   new hrefList("slide0039.htm", 1, 29),
   new hrefList("slide0040.htm", 1, 30)
);

function ImgBtn( oId,bId,w,action )
{
	var t=3Dthis
	t.Perform    =3D _IBP
	t.SetActive  =3D _IBSetA
	t.SetInactive=3D _IBSetI
	t.SetPressed =3D _IBSetP
	t.SetDisabled=3D _IBSetD
	t.Enabled    =3D _IBSetE
	t.ChangeIcon =3D null
	t.UserAction =3D action
	t.ChgState   =3D _IBUI
	t.mObjId   =3D oId
	t.mBorderId=3D bId
	t.mWidth   =3D w
	t.mIsOn    =3D t.mCurState =3D 0
}
function _IBSetA()
{
	if( this.mIsOn ) {
		obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gHiliteClr,gShadowClr,2 )
		obj.style.posTop=3D0
	}
}
function _IBSetI()
{
	if( this.mIsOn ) {
		obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,1 )
		obj.style.posTop=3D0=20
	}
}
function _IBSetP()
{
	if( this.mIsOn ) {
		obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gShadowClr,gHiliteClr,2 )
		obj.style.posLeft+=3D1; obj.style.posTop+=3D1
	}
}
function _IBSetD()
{ =20
	obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,0 )
	obj.style.posTop=3D0=20
}
function _IBSetE( state )
{
	var t=3Dthis
	GetObj( t.mBorderId ).style.visibility=3D"visible"
	if( state !=3D t.mIsOn ) {
		t.mIsOn=3Dstate
		if( state )
			t.SetInactive()
		else
			t.SetDisabled()
	}
}
function _IBP()
{
	var t=3Dthis
	if( t.mIsOn ) {
		if( t.UserAction !=3D null )
			t.UserAction()
		if( t.ChangeIcon ) {
			obj=3DGetObj(t.mObjId)
			if( t.ChangeIcon() )
				obj.style.posLeft=3Dobj.style.posLeft+(t.mCurState-4)*t.mWidth
			else
				obj.style.posLeft=3Dobj.style.posLeft+(t.mCurState-0)*t.mWidth
		}
		t.SetActive()
	} =20
}
function _IBUI( clr1,clr2,nextState )
{
	var t=3Dthis
	SetBorder( GetObj( t.mBorderId ),clr1,clr2 )
	obj=3DGetObj( t.mObjId )
	=
obj.style.posLeft=3Dobj.style.posLeft+(t.mCurState-nextState)*t.mWidth-ob=
j.style.posTop
	t.mCurState=3DnextState
	return obj
}
function TxtBtn( oId,oeId,action,chkState )
{
	var t=3Dthis
	t.Perform    =3D _TBP
	t.SetActive  =3D _TBSetA
	t.SetInactive=3D _TBSetI
	t.SetPressed =3D _TBSetP
	t.SetDisabled=3D _TBSetD
	t.SetEnabled =3D _TBSetE
	t.GetState   =3D chkState
	t.UserAction =3D action
	t.ChgState   =3D _TBUI
	t.mObjId      =3D oId
	t.m_elementsId=3D oeId
	t.mIsOn       =3D 1
}
function _TBSetA()
{
	var t=3Dthis
	if( t.mIsOn && !t.GetState() )
		t.ChgState( gHiliteClr,gShadowClr,0,0 )
}
function _TBSetI()
{
	var t=3Dthis
	if( t.mIsOn && !t.GetState() )
		t.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,0,0 )
}
function _TBSetP()
{
	if( this.mIsOn )
		this.ChgState( gShadowClr,gHiliteClr,1,1 )
}
function _TBSetD()
{  =20
	this.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,0,0 )
	this.mIsOn =3D 0
}
function _TBSetE()
{
	var t=3Dthis
	if( !t.GetState() )
		t.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,0,0 )
	else
		t.ChgState( gShadowClr,gHiliteClr,1,1 )
	t.mIsOn =3D 1
}
function _TBP()
{
	var t=3Dthis
	if( t.mIsOn ) {=20
		if( t.UserAction !=3D null )
			t.UserAction()
		if( t.GetState() )
			t.SetPressed()
		else
			t.SetActive()
	} =20
}
function _TBUI( clr1,clr2,lOffset,tOffset )
{
	SetBorder( GetObj( this.mObjId ),clr1,clr2 )
	Offset( GetObj( this.m_elementsId ),lOffset,tOffset )
}
function GetObj( objId ){ return document.all.item( objId ) }
function Offset( obj, top, left ){ obj.style.top=3Dtop; =
obj.style.left=3Dleft }
function SetBorder( obj, upperLeft, lowerRight )
{
	s=3Dobj.style;
	s.borderStyle      =3D "solid"
	s.borderWidth      =3D 1=20
	s.borderLeftColor  =3D s.borderTopColor =3D upperLeft
	s.borderBottomColor=3D s.borderRightColor =3D lowerRight
}
function GetBtnObj(){ return gBtnArr[window.event.srcElement.id] }
function BtnOnOver(){ b=3DGetBtnObj(); if( b !=3D null ) b.SetActive() }
function BtnOnDown(){ b=3DGetBtnObj(); if( b !=3D null ) b.SetPressed() =
}
function BtnOnOut(){ b=3DGetBtnObj(); if( b !=3D null ) b.SetInactive() =
}
function BtnOnUp()
{
	b=3DGetBtnObj()
	if( b !=3D null )
		b.Perform()
	else
		Upd()
}
function GetNtsState(){ return parent.gNtsOpen }
function GetOtlState(){ return parent.gOtlOpen }
function GetOtlTxtState(){ return parent.gOtlTxtExp }
function NtsBtnSetFlag( fVal )
{
	s=3Ddocument.all.item( this.m_flagId ).style
	s.display=3D"none"
	if( fVal )
		s.display=3D""
	else
		s.display=3D"none"
}

var =
gHiliteClr=3D"THREEDHIGHLIGHT",gShadowClr=3D"THREEDSHADOW",gFaceClr=3D"TH=
REEDFACE"
var gBtnArr =3D new Array()
gBtnArr["nb_otl"] =3D new TxtBtn( =
"nb_otl","nb_otlElem",parent.ToggleOtlPane,GetOtlState )
gBtnArr["nb_nts"] =3D new TxtBtn( =
"nb_nts","nb_ntsElem",parent.ToggleNtsPane,GetNtsState )
gBtnArr["nb_prev"]=3D new ImgBtn( =
"nb_prev","nb_prevBorder",30,parent.GoToPrevSld )
gBtnArr["nb_next"]=3D new ImgBtn( =
"nb_next","nb_nextBorder",30,parent.GoToNextSld )
gBtnArr["nb_sldshw"]=3D new ImgBtn( =
"nb_sldshw","nb_sldshwBorder",18,parent.FullScreen )
gBtnArr["nb_voice"]  =3D new ImgBtn( =
"nb_voice","nb_voiceBorder",18,parent.ToggleVNarration )
gBtnArr["nb_otlTxt"]=3D new ImgBtn( =
"nb_otlTxt","nb_otlTxtBorder",23,parent.ToggleOtlText )
gBtnArr["nb_nts"].m_flagId=3D "notes_flag"
gBtnArr["nb_nts"].SetFlag =3D NtsBtnSetFlag
gBtnArr["nb_otlTxt"].ChangeIcon=3D GetOtlTxtState
var sNext=3D"Next",sPrev=3D"Previous",sEnd=3D"End Show",sFont=3D"Arial"
function ShowMenu()
{
	BuildMenu();
	var =
doc=3DPPTSld.document.body,x=3DPPTSld.event.clientX+doc.scrollLeft,y=3DPP=
TSld.event.clientY+doc.scrollTop

	m =3D PPTSld.document.all.item("ctxtmenu")
	m.style.pixelLeft=3Dx
	if( (x+m.scrollWidth > doc.clientWidth)&&(x-m.scrollWidth > 0) )
		m.style.pixelLeft=3Dx-m.scrollWidth

	m.style.pixelTop=3Dy
	if( (y+m.scrollHeight > doc.clientHeight)&&(y-m.scrollHeight > 0) )
		m.style.pixelTop=3Dy-m.scrollHeight

	m.style.display=3D""
}
function _CM()
{
	if( !parent.IsFullScrMode() ) return;
	if(!PPTSld.event.ctrlKey) {
		ShowMenu()
		return false
	} else
		HideMenu()
}
function BuildMenu()
{
	if( PPTSld.document.all.item("ctxtmenu") ) return

	var mObj=3DCreateItem( PPTSld.document.body )
	mObj.id=3D"ctxtmenu"
	var s=3DmObj.style
	s.position=3D"absolute"
	s.cursor=3D"default"
	s.width=3D"100px"
	SetCMBorder(mObj,"menu","black")

	var iObj=3DCreateItem( mObj )
	SetCMBorder( iObj, "threedhighlight","threedshadow" )
	iObj.style.padding=3D2
	CreateMenuItem( iObj,sNext,M_GoNextSld,M_True )
	CreateMenuItem( iObj,sPrev,M_GoPrevSld,M_HasPrevSld )
	var sObj=3DCreateItem( iObj )
	SetCMBorder(sObj,"menu","menu")
	var s=3DsObj.style
	s.borderTopColor=3D"threedshadow"
	s.borderBottomColor=3D"threedhighlight"
	s.height=3D1
	s.fontSize=3D"0px"
	CreateMenuItem( iObj,sEnd,M_End,M_True )
}
function Highlight() { ChangeClr("activecaption","threedhighlight") }
function Deselect() { ChangeClr("threedface","menutext") }
function Perform()
{
	e=3DPPTSld.event.srcElement
	if( e.type=3D=3D"menuitem" && e.IsActive() )
		e.Action()
	else
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        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 1 to 2 drinks (.01-.05 g/dL BAC) -- =
euphoria=20
            and perceived reduction in anxiety</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 3 to 5 drinks (.06-.10 g/dL BAC) -- =
judgement=20
            and motor coordination impaired,<SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>sometimes =
increased=20
            aggression</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 10 to 13 drinks (.20-.25 g/dL BAC) --=20
            sedation</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
            </SPAN>0.30 g/dL BAC -- memory impairment and loss of=20
            consciousness</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
            </SPAN>0.40 to .50 g/dL BAC -- depressed respiration , coma, =

            death</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP2><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL2 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0027.htm');">What=20
      Factors Determine a Person=92s BAC?</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC2 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB2 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Number of Drinks Consumed</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Time</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Body Size and Build</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Sex</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Is Stomach Empty or Full?</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Past Drinking Experiences</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP3><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL3 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0010.htm');">Alcohol</A></FONT></DIV></T=
D></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP4><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL4 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0023.htm');">Absorption</A></FONT></DIV>=

      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC4 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB4 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Rate of absorption is dependent =

          on:</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>concentration gradient between gut and=20
          blood</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>surface area of contact</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>degree of vascularization</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Effect of Food on =
Absorption</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>food dilutes alcohol in the digestive=20
          system</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>fatty foods are slow to digest and slow to =
move=20
            from the stomach to the small=20
      intestine</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP5><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL5 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0025.htm');">Estimation of=20
      BAC</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP6><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL6 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0026.htm');">What if=20
      we were to continue for five drinks?</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP7><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL7 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0022.htm');">Slide=20
      7</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP8><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL8 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0011.htm');">Slide=20
      8</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP9><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL9 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0028.htm');">Metabolic=20
      Differences Between Men and Women</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC9 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB9 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Women are smaller than =
men</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Women have lower total body =
water content=20
            (49%) than men (58%) of comparable size</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Gastric ADH lower in =
women</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>virtually nonexistent in alcoholic=20
        women</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>declines in men over 50</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Fluctuations in gonadal hormone =
levels=20
            during the menstrual cycle may affect the rate of alcohol=20
            metabolism</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP10><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL10 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0029.htm');">Metabolic=20
      Differences Between Ethnic Groups</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC10 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB10 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Isoenzymes in Alcohol DH=20
        (ADH)</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Beta1 in Caucasian has Km 0.00023 =
g/dL</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Beta2 in Asian has Km 0.0043 =
g/dL</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Beta3 in 15% African Amer. has Km .165=20
          g/dL</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>50% Chinese and Japanese Asians =
have=20
            inactive mito. Aldehyde DH (ALDH) resulting in facial =
flushing,=20
            palpitations, dizziness, and=20
    nausea</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP11><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL11 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0032.htm');">Effect of=20
      Chronic Use</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC11 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB11 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Metabolic Tolerance</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>But=85.This is not the whole story=85.more =
to=20
            come</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP12><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL12 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0031.htm');">Alcohol=20
      on the Brain</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP13><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL13 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0030.htm');">Behavioral =
Manifestations of=20
      Alcohol Ingestion</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC13 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB13 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 1 to 2 drinks (.01-.05 g/dL BAC) -- =
euphoria=20
            and perceived reduction in anxiety</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 3 to 5 drinks (.06-.10 g/dL BAC) -- =
judgement=20
            and motor coordination impaired,<SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>sometimes =
increased=20
            aggression</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 10 to 13 drinks (.20-.25 g/dL BAC) --=20
            sedation</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
            </SPAN>0.30 g/dL BAC -- memory impairment and loss of=20
            consciousness</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
            </SPAN>0.40 to .50 g/dL BAC -- depressed respiration , coma, =

            death</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP14><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL14 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0033.htm');">The=20
      Brain=92s Division of Labor</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP15><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL15 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0034.htm');">Neurons</A></FONT></DIV></T=
D></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP16><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL16 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0035.htm');">Synapse</A></FONT></DIV></T=
D></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP17><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL17 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0003.htm');">Alcohol=20
      Affects Neuro-transmitter Function in the Brain</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC17 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB17 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Potentiates GABA receptor =
function</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Inhibits Glutamate receptor =
function</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Increases Dopamine =
concentration</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Increases Seratonin =
release</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Stimulates Opiate Neuropeptide=20
        Release</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP18><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL18 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0006.htm');">Affect on=20
      Dopamine, Serotonin, and Endogenous Opiates (BAC ~ .01--.05=20
      g/dL)</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC18 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB18 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Dopamine stimulates pleasure =
centers and=20
            functions in positive reinforcement</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>alcohol increases Dopamine concentrations =
in=20
            nucleus acumbens and other reward centers</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Serotonin functions in mood, =
sleep and=20
            positive reinforcement</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2><SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>alcoholics and =
thrill seekers=20
            have low serotonin levels and alcohol consumption ( and =
thrill=20
            activities) brings theses levels up to =
normal.</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Serotonergic drugs have reduced alcohol =
consumption=20
            by alcoholics.</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Endorphins and Enkephalins are =
natural=20
            neural peptides that bind to opiate receptors and produce =
euphoric=20
            effects.</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Endorphins and Enkephalins are released by =
the=20
            brain when exposed to alcohol</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Euphoria seems to stimulate further=20
          drinking</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP19><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL19 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0004.htm');">Affect on=20
      GABA function<BR>(BAC &gt;=3D.06 g/dL)</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC19 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB19 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>GABA is major inhibitory=20
            neurotransmitter</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Alcohol Potentiates GABA =
receptor=20
            function</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>GABA receptor is site of action =

          of</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2><SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>sedative/anesthetic =

            barbiturate, pentobarbitol</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>sedative/anxiolytic =
benzodiazipines</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Major Site of Affects=20
        include:</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>medial septal nucleus -- controls =
=93arousal=20
            state=94</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Purkinje neurons in cerebellar cortex -- =
controls=20
            sensory and motor activity</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>RO 15-4513 overcomes motor=20
            impairment</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP20><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL20 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0005.htm');">Affect on=20
      Glutamate Function<BR><SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>(BAC=20
      ~.02--.2 g/dL)</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC20 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB20 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Glutamate is major excitatory=20
            neurotransmitter</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Alcohol inhibits NMDA glutamate =
receptor=20
            function</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Impaired NMDA Glutamate =
Receptor Function=20
            Causes:</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>cognitive impairment and =
amnesia</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>inability to learn new =
information</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Alcohol parallels action of PCP =
or =93angel=20
            dust=94</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP21><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL21 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0008.htm');">Effect of=20
      Chronic Use</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC21 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB21 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Tolerance</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>changes in number and types of GABA=20
          receptors</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Increase in number of glutamate=20
        receptors</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Withdrawal</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>increased Anxiety within hours -- =
GABA</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>seizures -- Glutamate</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Dependence</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>changes in Dopamine and Seratonin function =
appear=20
            to be long =
lasting</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP22><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL22 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0043.htm');">Important=20
      Metabolic Interactions and Health =
Concerns</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP23><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL23 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0044.htm');">Slide=20
      23</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP24><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL24 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0041.htm');">Interaction with =
other=20
      Drugs</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC24 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB24 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Ethyl ester of =
Cocaine</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>potentiates cocaine =
=93high=94</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Aspirin and Cimetidine<SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>Inhibits Gastric=20
          ADH</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Liver Drug Detoxification=20
          Impaired</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Depleted NAD impairs livers ability to =
clear other=20
            drugs</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP25><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL25 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0036.htm');">Metabolic=20
      Fates of Excess Ethanol and Acetaldehyde</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC25 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB25 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Ethyl esters of Fatty Acids and =

            Cholesterol</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>may cause heart damage, impair energy =
metabolism,=20
            disrupt cell membranes</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Protein Modification by=20
            Acetaldehyde</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>enzymes inactivated by imine =
adducts</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Ethanol can also be oxidized by =

            MEOS/Cytochrome P450</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>MEOS oxidation produced harmful free=20
          radicals</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP26><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL26 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0037.htm');">Other=20
      Metabolic Processes Affected by Alcohol =
Metabolism</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC26 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB26 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>High NADH/NAD =
ratio:</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Impaired Energy Metabolism</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Inhibits Lipid Degredation in =
Liver</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Stimulation of fat synthesis and increases =
in LDL=20
            and HDL levels</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Inhibition of oxidative steps in =
testosterone=20
            synthesis</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP27><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL27 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0042.htm');">Slide=20
      27</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP28><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL28 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0038.htm');">Alcohol-Induced =
Liver=20
      Damage</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC28 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB28 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Risk becomes signficant when =
alcohol=20
            consumption exceeds</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>6.2oz/day for men</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>1.55oz/day for women</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Caused by</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Free radical rx in fatty =
liver</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Cytokine stimulated differentiation of Ito =
cells=20
            into collagen myofibroblasts</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Increased levels of Acetaldehyde due to =
lower=20
            levels of Aldehyde=20
  dehydrogenase</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP29><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL29 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0039.htm');">Alcohol-Induced =
Immune System=20
      Impairment</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC29 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB29 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Suppresses proliferation of lymphocytes in =
blood,=20
            spleen, and thymus</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Reduced B cell antibody =
production</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Natural Killer (NK) cells have reduced=20
            activity</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP30><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL30 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0040.htm');">Alcohol-Induced =
Changes in=20
      the<BR>Cardiovascular System</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC30 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB30 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Reduced risk of CAD with =
&lt;=3D2=20
            drinks/day</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>increased HDL, inhibition of platelet=20
            activity</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>50% greater risk of =
hypertension with 3-4=20
            drinks/day</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Cardiomyopathy (weakened heart=20
            muscle)</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>impaired protein metabolism, free=20
        radicals</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Arrhythmias caused by alcohol =
effect on=20
            sinoatrial node</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Cerebral Vascular Disease=20
          (Stroke)</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>reduced platelet=20
      =
activity</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>=
</DIV>
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Manifestations of </SPAN><SPAN=20
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Ingestion</SPAN></DIV><![if !ppt]></DIV><![endif]><![if !ppt]>
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style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">With 1 to 2 drinks (.01-.05 g/dL BAC) -- =
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98.43%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 21.07%; HEIGHT: 26.03%; mso-build: 0; =
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style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">With 3 to 5 drinks (.06-.10 g/dL BAC) -- =
judgement and=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"LEFT: 3.98%; WIDTH: 87.45%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: =
33.33%"><SPAN=20
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</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"LEFT: 3.98%; WIDTH: 84.66%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: =
66.66%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">aggression </SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
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<DIV=20
style=3D"LEFT: 0%; WIDTH: 100%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0%; HEIGHT: =
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sedation=20
</SPAN></SPAN></DIV></DIV>
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</SPAN>0.30=20
g/dL BAC -- memory impairment and loss of </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"LEFT: 3.96%; WIDTH: 84.32%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: =
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style=3D"LEFT: 0.98%; VISIBILITY: hidden; OVERFLOW: hidden; WIDTH: =
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style=3D"LEFT: 4.19%; WIDTH: 95.8%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0%"><SPAN=20
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.50 g/dL BAC -- depressed respiration , </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"LEFT: 4.19%; WIDTH: 89.09%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 50%"><SPAN =

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<DIV class=3DT v:shape=3D"_x0000_s4098"><SPAN=20
style=3D"LEFT: 1.07%; WIDTH: 98.92%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: =
0%">Behavioral=20
Manifestations of </SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"LEFT: 1.07%; WIDTH: 95.24%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: =
51.31%">Alcohol=20
Ingestion</SPAN></DIV><![if !ppt]></DIV><![endif]><![if !ppt]>
<DIV style=3D"VISIBILITY: hidden"><![endif]><p:shaperange href =3D=20
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<DIV=20
style=3D"LEFT: 12.73%; WIDTH: 95.5%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 26.75%; =
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<DIV class=3DB v:shape=3D"_x0000_s4099">
<DIV=20
style=3D"LEFT: 0.98%; VISIBILITY: hidden; OVERFLOW: hidden; WIDTH: =
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style=3D"LEFT: 4.1%; WIDTH: 95.89%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%"><SPAN=20
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mso-special-format: bullet">n</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">With 1 to 2 drinks (.01-.05 g/dL BAC) -- =
euphoria and=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"LEFT: 4.1%; WIDTH: 87.26%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 50%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">perceived reduction in anxiety =
</SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"LEFT: 0.98%; VISIBILITY: hidden; OVERFLOW: hidden; WIDTH: =
98.43%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 21.07%; HEIGHT: 26.03%; mso-build: 0; =
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style=3D"LEFT: 3.98%; WIDTH: 96.01%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%; LEFT: -4.14%; COLOR: #8cf4ea; FONT-FAMILY: =
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style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">With 3 to 5 drinks (.06-.10 g/dL BAC) -- =
judgement and=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"LEFT: 3.98%; WIDTH: 87.45%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: =
33.33%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">motor coordination impaired,<SPAN=20
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>sometimes increased =
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"LEFT: 3.98%; WIDTH: 84.66%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: =
66.66%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">aggression </SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"LEFT: 0.98%; VISIBILITY: hidden; OVERFLOW: hidden; WIDTH: =
91.96%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 49.17%; HEIGHT: 8.67%; mso-build: 0; =
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<DIV=20
style=3D"LEFT: 0%; WIDTH: 100%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0%; HEIGHT: =
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style=3D"LEFT: 4.26%; WIDTH: 95.73%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%; LEFT: -4.45%; COLOR: #8cf4ea; FONT-FAMILY: =
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style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">With 10 to 13 drinks (.20-.25 g/dL BAC) -- =
sedation=20
</SPAN></SPAN></DIV></DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"LEFT: 0.98%; VISIBILITY: hidden; OVERFLOW: hidden; WIDTH: =
98.82%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 59.5%; HEIGHT: 17.35%; mso-build: 0; =
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style=3D"LEFT: 3.96%; WIDTH: 96.03%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%; LEFT: -4.13%; COLOR: #8cf4ea; FONT-FAMILY: =
'Monotype Sorts'; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0.3em; mso-color-index: 3; =
mso-special-format: bullet">n</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</SPAN>0.30=20
g/dL BAC -- memory impairment and loss of </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"LEFT: 3.96%; WIDTH: 84.32%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: =
52.38%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">consciousness </SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"LEFT: 0.98%; VISIBILITY: hidden; OVERFLOW: hidden; WIDTH: =
93.52%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 78.92%; HEIGHT: 17.35%; mso-build: 0; =
mso-build-order: 1"><SPAN=20
style=3D"LEFT: 4.19%; WIDTH: 95.8%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%; LEFT: -4.37%; COLOR: #8cf4ea; FONT-FAMILY: =
'Monotype Sorts'; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0.3em; mso-color-index: 3; =
mso-special-format: bullet">n</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</SPAN>0.40 to=20
.50 g/dL BAC -- depressed respiration , </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"LEFT: 4.19%; WIDTH: 89.09%; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 50%"><SPAN =

style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 75%">coma, death</SPAN></SPAN></DIV></DIV><![if =
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  <TBODY>
  <TR>
    <TD>
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      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: buttonface 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: =
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      src=3D"mhtml:file://D:\Anatomy\08 ANATOMY Resources\Actions of =
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<DIV id=3DOtlObj style=3D"DISPLAY: none; VISIBILITY: hidden">
<TABLE style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial" width=3D"100%">
  <TBODY>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP1><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL1 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0001.htm');">Behavioral =
Manifestations of=20
      Alcohol Ingestion</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC1 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB1 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 1 to 2 drinks (.01-.05 g/dL BAC) -- =
euphoria=20
            and perceived reduction in anxiety</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 3 to 5 drinks (.06-.10 g/dL BAC) -- =
judgement=20
            and motor coordination impaired,<SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>sometimes =
increased=20
            aggression</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 10 to 13 drinks (.20-.25 g/dL BAC) --=20
            sedation</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
            </SPAN>0.30 g/dL BAC -- memory impairment and loss of=20
            consciousness</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
            </SPAN>0.40 to .50 g/dL BAC -- depressed respiration , coma, =

            death</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP2><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL2 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0027.htm');">What=20
      Factors Determine a Person=92s BAC?</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC2 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB2 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Number of Drinks Consumed</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Time</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Body Size and Build</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Sex</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Is Stomach Empty or Full?</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Past Drinking Experiences</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP3><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL3 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0010.htm');">Alcohol</A></FONT></DIV></T=
D></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP4><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL4 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0023.htm');">Absorption</A></FONT></DIV>=

      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC4 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB4 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Rate of absorption is dependent =

          on:</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>concentration gradient between gut and=20
          blood</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>surface area of contact</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>degree of vascularization</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Effect of Food on =
Absorption</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>food dilutes alcohol in the digestive=20
          system</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>fatty foods are slow to digest and slow to =
move=20
            from the stomach to the small=20
      intestine</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP5><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL5 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0025.htm');">Estimation of=20
      BAC</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP6><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL6 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0026.htm');">What if=20
      we were to continue for five drinks?</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP7><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL7 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0022.htm');">Slide=20
      7</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP8><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL8 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0011.htm');">Slide=20
      8</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP9><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL9 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0028.htm');">Metabolic=20
      Differences Between Men and Women</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC9 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB9 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Women are smaller than =
men</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Women have lower total body =
water content=20
            (49%) than men (58%) of comparable size</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Gastric ADH lower in =
women</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>virtually nonexistent in alcoholic=20
        women</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>declines in men over 50</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Fluctuations in gonadal hormone =
levels=20
            during the menstrual cycle may affect the rate of alcohol=20
            metabolism</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP10><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL10 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0029.htm');">Metabolic=20
      Differences Between Ethnic Groups</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC10 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB10 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Isoenzymes in Alcohol DH=20
        (ADH)</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Beta1 in Caucasian has Km 0.00023 =
g/dL</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Beta2 in Asian has Km 0.0043 =
g/dL</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Beta3 in 15% African Amer. has Km .165=20
          g/dL</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>50% Chinese and Japanese Asians =
have=20
            inactive mito. Aldehyde DH (ALDH) resulting in facial =
flushing,=20
            palpitations, dizziness, and=20
    nausea</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP11><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL11 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0032.htm');">Effect of=20
      Chronic Use</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC11 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB11 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Metabolic Tolerance</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>But=85.This is not the whole story=85.more =
to=20
            come</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP12><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL12 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0031.htm');">Alcohol=20
      on the Brain</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP13><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL13 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0030.htm');">Behavioral =
Manifestations of=20
      Alcohol Ingestion</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC13 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB13 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 1 to 2 drinks (.01-.05 g/dL BAC) -- =
euphoria=20
            and perceived reduction in anxiety</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 3 to 5 drinks (.06-.10 g/dL BAC) -- =
judgement=20
            and motor coordination impaired,<SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>sometimes =
increased=20
            aggression</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 10 to 13 drinks (.20-.25 g/dL BAC) --=20
            sedation</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
            </SPAN>0.30 g/dL BAC -- memory impairment and loss of=20
            consciousness</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
            </SPAN>0.40 to .50 g/dL BAC -- depressed respiration , coma, =

            death</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP14><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL14 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0033.htm');">The=20
      Brain=92s Division of Labor</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP15><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL15 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0034.htm');">Neurons</A></FONT></DIV></T=
D></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP16><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL16 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0035.htm');">Synapse</A></FONT></DIV></T=
D></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP17><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL17 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0003.htm');">Alcohol=20
      Affects Neuro-transmitter Function in the Brain</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC17 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB17 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Potentiates GABA receptor =
function</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Inhibits Glutamate receptor =
function</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Increases Dopamine =
concentration</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Increases Seratonin =
release</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Stimulates Opiate Neuropeptide=20
        Release</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP18><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL18 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0006.htm');">Affect on=20
      Dopamine, Serotonin, and Endogenous Opiates (BAC ~ .01--.05=20
      g/dL)</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC18 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB18 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Dopamine stimulates pleasure =
centers and=20
            functions in positive reinforcement</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>alcohol increases Dopamine concentrations =
in=20
            nucleus acumbens and other reward centers</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Serotonin functions in mood, =
sleep and=20
            positive reinforcement</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2><SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>alcoholics and =
thrill seekers=20
            have low serotonin levels and alcohol consumption ( and =
thrill=20
            activities) brings theses levels up to =
normal.</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Serotonergic drugs have reduced alcohol =
consumption=20
            by alcoholics.</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Endorphins and Enkephalins are =
natural=20
            neural peptides that bind to opiate receptors and produce =
euphoric=20
            effects.</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Endorphins and Enkephalins are released by =
the=20
            brain when exposed to alcohol</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Euphoria seems to stimulate further=20
          drinking</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP19><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL19 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0004.htm');">Affect on=20
      GABA function<BR>(BAC &gt;=3D.06 g/dL)</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC19 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB19 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>GABA is major inhibitory=20
            neurotransmitter</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Alcohol Potentiates GABA =
receptor=20
            function</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>GABA receptor is site of action =

          of</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2><SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>sedative/anesthetic =

            barbiturate, pentobarbitol</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>sedative/anxiolytic =
benzodiazipines</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Major Site of Affects=20
        include:</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>medial septal nucleus -- controls =
=93arousal=20
            state=94</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Purkinje neurons in cerebellar cortex -- =
controls=20
            sensory and motor activity</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>RO 15-4513 overcomes motor=20
            impairment</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP20><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL20 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0005.htm');">Affect on=20
      Glutamate Function<BR><SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>(BAC=20
      ~.02--.2 g/dL)</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC20 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB20 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Glutamate is major excitatory=20
            neurotransmitter</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Alcohol inhibits NMDA glutamate =
receptor=20
            function</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Impaired NMDA Glutamate =
Receptor Function=20
            Causes:</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>cognitive impairment and =
amnesia</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>inability to learn new =
information</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Alcohol parallels action of PCP =
or =93angel=20
            dust=94</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP21><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL21 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0008.htm');">Effect of=20
      Chronic Use</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC21 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB21 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Tolerance</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>changes in number and types of GABA=20
          receptors</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Increase in number of glutamate=20
        receptors</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Withdrawal</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>increased Anxiety within hours -- =
GABA</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>seizures -- Glutamate</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Dependence</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>changes in Dopamine and Seratonin function =
appear=20
            to be long =
lasting</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP22><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL22 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0043.htm');">Important=20
      Metabolic Interactions and Health =
Concerns</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP23><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL23 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0044.htm');">Slide=20
      23</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP24><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL24 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0041.htm');">Interaction with =
other=20
      Drugs</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC24 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB24 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Ethyl ester of =
Cocaine</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>potentiates cocaine =
=93high=94</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Aspirin and Cimetidine<SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>Inhibits Gastric=20
          ADH</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Liver Drug Detoxification=20
          Impaired</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Depleted NAD impairs livers ability to =
clear other=20
            drugs</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP25><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL25 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0036.htm');">Metabolic=20
      Fates of Excess Ethanol and Acetaldehyde</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC25 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB25 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Ethyl esters of Fatty Acids and =

            Cholesterol</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>may cause heart damage, impair energy =
metabolism,=20
            disrupt cell membranes</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Protein Modification by=20
            Acetaldehyde</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>enzymes inactivated by imine =
adducts</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Ethanol can also be oxidized by =

            MEOS/Cytochrome P450</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>MEOS oxidation produced harmful free=20
          radicals</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP26><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL26 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0037.htm');">Other=20
      Metabolic Processes Affected by Alcohol =
Metabolism</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC26 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB26 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>High NADH/NAD =
ratio:</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Impaired Energy Metabolism</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Inhibits Lipid Degredation in =
Liver</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Stimulation of fat synthesis and increases =
in LDL=20
            and HDL levels</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Inhibition of oxidative steps in =
testosterone=20
            synthesis</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP27><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL27 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0042.htm');">Slide=20
      27</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP28><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL28 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0038.htm');">Alcohol-Induced =
Liver=20
      Damage</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC28 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB28 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Risk becomes signficant when =
alcohol=20
            consumption exceeds</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>6.2oz/day for men</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>1.55oz/day for women</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Caused by</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Free radical rx in fatty =
liver</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Cytokine stimulated differentiation of Ito =
cells=20
            into collagen myofibroblasts</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Increased levels of Acetaldehyde due to =
lower=20
            levels of Aldehyde=20
  dehydrogenase</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP29><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL29 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0039.htm');">Alcohol-Induced =
Immune System=20
      Impairment</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC29 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB29 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Suppresses proliferation of lymphocytes in =
blood,=20
            spleen, and thymus</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Reduced B cell antibody =
production</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Natural Killer (NK) cells have reduced=20
            activity</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP30><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL30 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0040.htm');">Alcohol-Induced =
Changes in=20
      the<BR>Cardiovascular System</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC30 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB30 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Reduced risk of CAD with =
&lt;=3D2=20
            drinks/day</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>increased HDL, inhibition of platelet=20
            activity</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>50% greater risk of =
hypertension with 3-4=20
            drinks/day</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Cardiomyopathy (weakened heart=20
            muscle)</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>impaired protein metabolism, free=20
        radicals</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Arrhythmias caused by alcohol =
effect on=20
            sinoatrial node</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Cerebral Vascular Disease=20
          (Stroke)</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>reduced platelet=20
      =
activity</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>=
</DIV>
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          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 1 to 2 drinks (.01-.05 g/dL BAC) -- =
euphoria=20
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        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 3 to 5 drinks (.06-.10 g/dL BAC) -- =
judgement=20
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increased=20
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            sedation</FONT></TD></TR>
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          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
            </SPAN>0.30 g/dL BAC -- memory impairment and loss of=20
            consciousness</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
            </SPAN>0.40 to .50 g/dL BAC -- depressed respiration , coma, =

            death</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP2><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL2 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0027.htm');">What=20
      Factors Determine a Person=92s BAC?</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC2 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB2 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Number of Drinks Consumed</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Time</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Body Size and Build</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Sex</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Is Stomach Empty or Full?</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Past Drinking Experiences</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP3><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL3 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0010.htm');">Alcohol</A></FONT></DIV></T=
D></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP4><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL4 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0023.htm');">Absorption</A></FONT></DIV>=

      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC4 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB4 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Rate of absorption is dependent =

          on:</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>concentration gradient between gut and=20
          blood</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>surface area of contact</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>degree of vascularization</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Effect of Food on =
Absorption</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>food dilutes alcohol in the digestive=20
          system</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>fatty foods are slow to digest and slow to =
move=20
            from the stomach to the small=20
      intestine</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP5><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL5 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0025.htm');">Estimation of=20
      BAC</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP6><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL6 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0026.htm');">What if=20
      we were to continue for five drinks?</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP7><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL7 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0022.htm');">Slide=20
      7</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP8><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL8 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0011.htm');">Slide=20
      8</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP9><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL9 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0028.htm');">Metabolic=20
      Differences Between Men and Women</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC9 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB9 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Women are smaller than =
men</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Women have lower total body =
water content=20
            (49%) than men (58%) of comparable size</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Gastric ADH lower in =
women</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>virtually nonexistent in alcoholic=20
        women</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>declines in men over 50</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Fluctuations in gonadal hormone =
levels=20
            during the menstrual cycle may affect the rate of alcohol=20
            metabolism</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP10><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL10 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0029.htm');">Metabolic=20
      Differences Between Ethnic Groups</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC10 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB10 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Isoenzymes in Alcohol DH=20
        (ADH)</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Beta1 in Caucasian has Km 0.00023 =
g/dL</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Beta2 in Asian has Km 0.0043 =
g/dL</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Beta3 in 15% African Amer. has Km .165=20
          g/dL</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>50% Chinese and Japanese Asians =
have=20
            inactive mito. Aldehyde DH (ALDH) resulting in facial =
flushing,=20
            palpitations, dizziness, and=20
    nausea</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP11><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL11 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0032.htm');">Effect of=20
      Chronic Use</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC11 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB11 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Metabolic Tolerance</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>But=85.This is not the whole story=85.more =
to=20
            come</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP12><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL12 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0031.htm');">Alcohol=20
      on the Brain</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP13><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL13 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0030.htm');">Behavioral =
Manifestations of=20
      Alcohol Ingestion</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC13 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB13 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 1 to 2 drinks (.01-.05 g/dL BAC) -- =
euphoria=20
            and perceived reduction in anxiety</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 3 to 5 drinks (.06-.10 g/dL BAC) -- =
judgement=20
            and motor coordination impaired,<SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>sometimes =
increased=20
            aggression</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With 10 to 13 drinks (.20-.25 g/dL BAC) --=20
            sedation</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
            </SPAN>0.30 g/dL BAC -- memory impairment and loss of=20
            consciousness</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>With<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
            </SPAN>0.40 to .50 g/dL BAC -- depressed respiration , coma, =

            death</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP14><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL14 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0033.htm');">The=20
      Brain=92s Division of Labor</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP15><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL15 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0034.htm');">Neurons</A></FONT></DIV></T=
D></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP16><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL16 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0035.htm');">Synapse</A></FONT></DIV></T=
D></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP17><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL17 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0003.htm');">Alcohol=20
      Affects Neuro-transmitter Function in the Brain</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC17 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB17 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Potentiates GABA receptor =
function</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Inhibits Glutamate receptor =
function</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Increases Dopamine =
concentration</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Increases Seratonin =
release</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Stimulates Opiate Neuropeptide=20
        Release</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP18><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL18 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0006.htm');">Affect on=20
      Dopamine, Serotonin, and Endogenous Opiates (BAC ~ .01--.05=20
      g/dL)</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC18 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB18 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Dopamine stimulates pleasure =
centers and=20
            functions in positive reinforcement</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>alcohol increases Dopamine concentrations =
in=20
            nucleus acumbens and other reward centers</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Serotonin functions in mood, =
sleep and=20
            positive reinforcement</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2><SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>alcoholics and =
thrill seekers=20
            have low serotonin levels and alcohol consumption ( and =
thrill=20
            activities) brings theses levels up to =
normal.</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Serotonergic drugs have reduced alcohol =
consumption=20
            by alcoholics.</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Endorphins and Enkephalins are =
natural=20
            neural peptides that bind to opiate receptors and produce =
euphoric=20
            effects.</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Endorphins and Enkephalins are released by =
the=20
            brain when exposed to alcohol</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Euphoria seems to stimulate further=20
          drinking</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP19><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL19 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0004.htm');">Affect on=20
      GABA function<BR>(BAC &gt;=3D.06 g/dL)</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC19 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB19 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>GABA is major inhibitory=20
            neurotransmitter</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Alcohol Potentiates GABA =
receptor=20
            function</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>GABA receptor is site of action =

          of</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2><SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>sedative/anesthetic =

            barbiturate, pentobarbitol</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>sedative/anxiolytic =
benzodiazipines</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Major Site of Affects=20
        include:</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>medial septal nucleus -- controls =
=93arousal=20
            state=94</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Purkinje neurons in cerebellar cortex -- =
controls=20
            sensory and motor activity</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>RO 15-4513 overcomes motor=20
            impairment</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP20><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL20 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0005.htm');">Affect on=20
      Glutamate Function<BR><SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>(BAC=20
      ~.02--.2 g/dL)</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC20 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB20 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Glutamate is major excitatory=20
            neurotransmitter</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Alcohol inhibits NMDA glutamate =
receptor=20
            function</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Impaired NMDA Glutamate =
Receptor Function=20
            Causes:</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>cognitive impairment and =
amnesia</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>inability to learn new =
information</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Alcohol parallels action of PCP =
or =93angel=20
            dust=94</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP21><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL21 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0008.htm');">Effect of=20
      Chronic Use</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC21 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB21 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Tolerance</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>changes in number and types of GABA=20
          receptors</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Increase in number of glutamate=20
        receptors</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Withdrawal</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>increased Anxiety within hours -- =
GABA</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>seizures -- Glutamate</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Dependence</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>changes in Dopamine and Seratonin function =
appear=20
            to be long =
lasting</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP22><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL22 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0043.htm');">Important=20
      Metabolic Interactions and Health =
Concerns</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP23><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL23 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0044.htm');">Slide=20
      23</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP24><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL24 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0041.htm');">Interaction with =
other=20
      Drugs</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC24 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB24 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Ethyl ester of =
Cocaine</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>potentiates cocaine =
=93high=94</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Aspirin and Cimetidine<SPAN=20
            style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>Inhibits Gastric=20
          ADH</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Liver Drug Detoxification=20
          Impaired</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Depleted NAD impairs livers ability to =
clear other=20
            drugs</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP25><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL25 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0036.htm');">Metabolic=20
      Fates of Excess Ethanol and Acetaldehyde</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC25 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB25 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Ethyl esters of Fatty Acids and =

            Cholesterol</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>may cause heart damage, impair energy =
metabolism,=20
            disrupt cell membranes</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Protein Modification by=20
            Acetaldehyde</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>enzymes inactivated by imine =
adducts</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Ethanol can also be oxidized by =

            MEOS/Cytochrome P450</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>MEOS oxidation produced harmful free=20
          radicals</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP26><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL26 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0037.htm');">Other=20
      Metabolic Processes Affected by Alcohol =
Metabolism</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC26 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB26 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>High NADH/NAD =
ratio:</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Impaired Energy Metabolism</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Inhibits Lipid Degredation in =
Liver</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Stimulation of fat synthesis and increases =
in LDL=20
            and HDL levels</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Inhibition of oxidative steps in =
testosterone=20
            synthesis</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP27><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL27 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this) =
href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0042.htm');">Slide=20
      27</A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP28><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL28 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0038.htm');">Alcohol-Induced =
Liver=20
      Damage</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC28 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB28 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Risk becomes signficant when =
alcohol=20
            consumption exceeds</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>6.2oz/day for men</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>1.55oz/day for women</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Caused by</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Free radical rx in fatty =
liver</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Cytokine stimulated differentiation of Ito =
cells=20
            into collagen myofibroblasts</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Increased levels of Acetaldehyde due to =
lower=20
            levels of Aldehyde=20
  dehydrogenase</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP29><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL29 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0039.htm');">Alcohol-Induced =
Immune System=20
      Impairment</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC29 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB29 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Suppresses proliferation of lymphocytes in =
blood,=20
            spleen, and thymus</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Reduced B cell antibody =
production</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>Natural Killer (NK) cells have reduced=20
            activity</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>
      <DIV class=3DPTxt id=3DPPTP30><FONT size=3D2><A id=3DPPTL30 =
onmouseover=3DOver(this)=20
      onmouseout=3DOut(this)=20
      href=3D"javascript:GoToSld('slide0040.htm');">Alcohol-Induced =
Changes in=20
      the<BR>Cardiovascular System</A></FONT></DIV>
      <DIV class=3DCTxt id=3DPPTC30 style=3D"DISPLAY: none">
      <TABLE class=3DCBorder id=3DPPTB30 style=3D"COLOR: white">
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD noWrap width=3D5></TD>
          <TD noWrap width=3D20></TD>
          <TD width=3D"100%"></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Reduced risk of CAD with =
&lt;=3D2=20
            drinks/day</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>increased HDL, inhibition of platelet=20
            activity</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>50% greater risk of =
hypertension with 3-4=20
            drinks/day</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Cardiomyopathy (weakened heart=20
            muscle)</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>impaired protein metabolism, free=20
        radicals</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Arrhythmias caused by alcohol =
effect on=20
            sinoatrial node</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD>
          <TD colSpan=3D2><FONT size=3D2>Cerebral Vascular Disease=20
          (Stroke)</FONT></TD></TR>
        <TR>
          <TD colSpan=3D2></TD>
          <TD><FONT size=3D2>reduced platelet=20
      =
activity</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>=
</DIV>
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